2-Ply, 3-Ply, or 4-Ply Yarn:
When 2 to 4 strands of single yarns are combined, twisted, or air-entangled together to form a heavier yarn strand.
Birdseye Stitch:
A small knit-in decorative pattern, evenly spaced in a diamond design.
Circular Knit:
Hats knit as a tube, and sewn closed at the top. A Circular knit hat has no seam.
Cotton-Wool Ragg:
A traditional outdoor marled yarn of variable-width cotton and wool, usually in a natural or brown twist.
Crew Length:
A sock that extends beyond ankle length, but not beyond the largest part of the calf. Typically 9" to 12" in length.
Cushioned:
See Terry Cushioning
Double-Brushed:
Knit fabric that goes through an actual wire brushing process to produce a soft napped surface with added insulation value. Double-brushing is going through this process twice.
Elasticized Rib, Leg, Top, or Arch Panel:
A portion of a sock that has an elastic yarn running through it, giving it the ability to fit snugly and to recover its original shape and size immediately after removing.
Filet Rib:
The appearance of a true rib achieved without the use of elastic.
Fitted Heel and Toe:
A sock that has a knit-in, or true heel pocket and a reciprocated (knit-in) toe pocket.
Fleeced:
See Double-Brushed.
Foot-Hugger Design:
A Wigwam patented method of sock construction featuring spandex throughout the sock, having twice as much knit into the foot as in the leg for a stimulating snug fit.
Heathered Yarns:
Yarns that have various colored fibers blended together to give a soft tweed appearance.
High Heel Splice:
An area of knit reinforcement that falls above the heel pocket, and typically rises above the top of the shoe.
Intimate Blend:
The combining of two or more types of fibers into a single strand of yarn to achieve improved performance or styling. Jersey Sole, Leg, Instep or Foot Bottom: A non-ribbed, non-cushioned, plain knit fabric.
Links-Links, or Links Stitching:
Selectively knitting stitches to be raised or recessed in order to create a decorative patterned fabric.
Lin-Toe Closure:
A method of closing the toe of a sock by aligning the knit loops at the edgoe of each piece of knit fabric and using a single thread to join the knit fabric edges loop-for-loop. This type of closure leaves no ridge on the toe seam inside or outside of the sock.
Low-Cut:
A short length sock that falls below the ankle bone. Usually 3" to 4" in length.
Marl:
A multi-colored yarn in which component strands may be of different colors.
Mini-Crew:
A short crew sock with a typical length of between 5" and 7".
Moisture-Wicking:
See Wicking.
Mock Rib Leg or Ankle:
The appearance of a true rib, achieved in Jersey fabric by using elastic.
Morpul Leg:
The appearance of a true rib in Jersey fabric, but having extreme elasticity.
Neckwarmer:
A circular knit tube to be worn around the neck.
Nylon Core Yarn:
Yarn that is spun around a nylon core.
Ottoman Flex-Stitch:
A pattern that utilizes pearl stitching to create a flexible textured fabric.
Over-The-Calf Length:
A sock that extends above the largest part of the calf. Typically 15" or longer.
Pearl Stitch:
Changing the direction in which a fabric is knit to create a flexible textured fabric.
Ped:
Usually, a short length sock that falls below the ankle bone.
Quarter Length:
A short crew sock, similar in length to a mid-crew sock. Typically 6" to 9" in length.
Ragg Wool:
A traditional outdoor, marled wool yarn, usually in a natural or brown twist.
Reinforced (Ankle, Heel or Toe):
To strengthen a high-stress area of the sock (usually the heel, toe or ankle) with a durable yarn such as Nylon or Polypropylene.
Reverso toe closure:
A method of closing the toe of a sock that is identical to the smooth looped toe seam, except that the seam lies on the outside of the sock leaving an extra-smooth "seamless" surface on the inside of the sock next to the foot.
Rolled Welt Top:
See Welt Top.
Shrink Treated:
Processing wool yarn or wool fabric to pre-shrink it, minimizing the chance for shrinkage in consecutive washings.
Sized Sock:
A sock knit to a number of specific sizes (not size ranges) that correlates (although not directly) with a persons shoe size. They will be sized by number, ranging from size 8 to 15.
Smooth Looped Toe Seam:
A type of toe closure that links the fabric ends together in a single layer. This eliminates the fabric ridge created by conventional toe seaming.
Stretch Sock:
A sock knit, in part, with yarns that have the ability to stretch and recover. This enables the sock to fit a range of shoe sizes. They will be sized as 2S, XS, SM, MS, MD, LG, XL or XXL.
Terry Cushioning, or Full Terry Cushioning:
Knitting all (Full) or part of a sock with a secondary (Terry) loop to create extra cushioning in the areas where the extra yarn loops are present.
Thermal Cushioning:
Terry stitching done specifically to enhance the insulation properties of a sock.
Trellis-Stitch:
A variation of Link-On-Link patterning to create a trellis-like design.
True Heel and Toe Pockets:
See Fitted Heel and Toe.
True Rib Leg, Cuff, Top or Instep (1x1, 2x2, 3x1, 4x2, 5x2, 5x3, 10x2, 11x1, etc.):
A vertical pattern of alternating ridges in the leg, cuff, top or instep of a sock. The numerals represent the number of stitches in the raised part of the rib, by the number of stitches in the recessed part of the rib.
Tube Sock:
A sock that is knit in the shape of a tube, having no knit-in heel pocket.
Tuck-Stitch Rib or Leg:
A type of pattern used to greatly increase the bulk and stretch of a fabric.
Turned Cuff:
The top of the sock is designed to be folded down when worn, usually just above the ankle.
Turned Welt Top:
See Welt Top.
Welt Top or Rolled Welt Top:
A double thickness of Jersey fabric at the top of the leg to promote strength, increase its ability to stay up and to give a cleaner finished look.
Wicking, or Moisture-Wicking:
The ability of a yarn to transport moisture away from itself.
Y Heel Pocket:
A method of knitting an extended heel pocket to create an anatomically correct fit.
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Wigwam socks